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"Maryland Square", later known as "Steuart Hall", was a mansion owned by the Steuart family from 1795 to 1861, located on the western outskirts of Baltimore, Maryland, at the present-day junction of West Baltimore and Monroe streets. In the first year of the American Civil War, the property was confiscated by the United States Federal Government as its owner, George H. Steuart, a former United States Army officer, had resigned his commission to fight in the Confederate Army, in the Army of Northern Virginia as a brigadier general. In 1862, the U.S. War Department built various temporary wooden barracks-style buildings for the Jarvis Military Hospital on the grounds, to care for wounded Union soldiers. The "West Military Hospital" was located on the docks at East Pratt Street, near President Street, at "The Basin" harbor. The Steuart mansion served as the Hospital's headquarters/offices.〔(Lossing, Benson John, p.605, ''Pictorial History of the Civil War in the United States of America, Volume 3'' ) Retrieved Feb 6 2010〕 After the war, in 1866 General Steuart regained possession of his mansion, but did not live there again. He chose to live at "Mount Steuart", his large family plantation further to the southeast of the city of Annapolis on the South River in Anne Arundel County. The next year Steuart leased Maryland Square for use as a school for upper-class boys; it was renamed Steuart Hall. In the 1870s, it was bought by the Roman Catholic order of the Bon Secours Sisters and used as their convent. The mansion was demolished around 1884 for other development. The modern Bon Secours Hospital, a Roman Catholic hospital operated by the (Sisters of Bon Secours XXX) religious order was constructed on the site in 1919 and is operating today.〔Rice, p. 290〕 ==History== "Maryland Square" was the Baltimore residence of the Steuart family from around 1795, when purchased by physician James Steuart of Annapolis, son of the politician and planter George H. Steuart.〔Nelker, p.133〕 The Steuart family moved to Baltimore from Annapolis in 1795, as Baltimore began to eclipse Annapolis in size and importance.〔 The mansion was located at the present-day junction of West Baltimore and Monroe streets and built on relatively high ground, at the time on the western outskirts of the city. A contemporary writer said it benefited from "a salubrious air".〔 Among the members of the family who were raised there was the physician and philanthropist Richard Sprigg Steuart, who described the "large and solitary" mansion in his memoirs as having "the reputation of being haunted...() departed spirits coming back to visit their old haunts".〔 On May 8, 1829, James Steuart's daughter Elizabeth was married to the writer and essayist George Henry Calvert, at Maryland Square. Calvert's father had been opposed to the match on the grounds that Elizabeth had little or no property. The son prevailed in his choice.〔Callcott, p.375〕 On July 19, 1844, the Boston City Greys of the Massachusetts state militia visited Baltimore, and marched in parade with various companies of the 53rd Regiment. George H. Steuart, then a militia general, hosted a party at Maryland Square for the visiting militia. The event was celebrated by extensive coverage in the ''Baltimore American'' (newspaper - later the ''Baltimore News American,'' 1773-1986), and was commemorated in a lithograph.〔Rice, p.119〕 In 1846, Steuart inherited the house on the death of his father James Steuart.〔Nelker, p.107〕 From 1841 to 1861, Steuart was Commander of the First Light Division, Maryland Volunteer Militia, a predecessor unit of state militia. After the Civil War, the Maryland National Guard was organized as a type of successor to such local militias.〔(Sullivan David M., ''The United States Marine Corps in the Civil War: The First Year'', p.286, White Mane Publishing (1997). ) Retrieved Jan 13 2010〕〔(Sparks, Jared, and others, p.168, ''The American Almanac and Repository of Useful Knowledge, Volume 10'' ) Retrieved August 29, 2010〕 Until the Civil War, he would be the Commander-in-Chief of the Maryland Volunteers.〔(Hartzler, Daniel D., p.13, ''A Band of Brothers: Photographic Epilogue to Marylanders in the Confederacy'' ) Retrieved March 1, 2010〕〔(''Niles Weekly register'', Volume 62, p.177 ) Retrieved March 2, 2010〕 The First Light Division comprised two brigades: the 1st Light Brigade and the 2nd Brigade. The First Brigade consisted of the 1st Cavalry, 1st Artillery, and 5th Infantry regiments. The 2nd Brigade was composed of the 1st Rifle Regiment and the 53rd Infantry Regiment, and the "Battalion of Baltimore City Guards".〔(Field, Ron, et al., p.33, ''The Confederate Army 1861-65: Missouri, Kentucky & Maryland'' ) Osprey Publishing (2008), Retrieved May 10, 2010〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Maryland Square」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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